Earthquakes
What is a earthquake?
earthquake-is the vibration of earth produced by rapid release of energy
Epicenter-the location on Earth's surface above the focus, or origin of an earthquake
Focus-the point within Earth where an earthquake originates
Faults-a fracture in earth along which movement has occurred
Elastic Rebound Hypothesis-the explanation stating that when rocks are deformed,they break,releasing the stored energy that results in vibrations of a earthquake (most earthquakes are produced by this)
Aftershock-a small earthquake that follows the main earhtquake
Foreshock-a small earthquake that happens before a main earthquake
Epicenter-the location on Earth's surface above the focus, or origin of an earthquake
Focus-the point within Earth where an earthquake originates
Faults-a fracture in earth along which movement has occurred
Elastic Rebound Hypothesis-the explanation stating that when rocks are deformed,they break,releasing the stored energy that results in vibrations of a earthquake (most earthquakes are produced by this)
Aftershock-a small earthquake that follows the main earhtquake
Foreshock-a small earthquake that happens before a main earthquake
How to Measure a Earthquakes
Seismic Waves
Surface Waves
suface waves-travels along the surface of earth
Body Waves
P Waves-is a earthquake wave that pushes and pulls rock im the direction of the wave
S wave-shakes particles perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling
Finding The Epicenter-Travel-time graphs from three or more seismographs can be used to find the location of an earthquake's epicenter.
Momment Magnitude-is the amount of displacement that happens along a fault zone, it is the only magnitude scale that estimates the energy released by earthquakes. Most widely used.
Richter Scale-is a outdated version of measuring the magnitude of earthquakes.
Surface Waves
suface waves-travels along the surface of earth
Body Waves
P Waves-is a earthquake wave that pushes and pulls rock im the direction of the wave
S wave-shakes particles perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling
Finding The Epicenter-Travel-time graphs from three or more seismographs can be used to find the location of an earthquake's epicenter.
Momment Magnitude-is the amount of displacement that happens along a fault zone, it is the only magnitude scale that estimates the energy released by earthquakes. Most widely used.
Richter Scale-is a outdated version of measuring the magnitude of earthquakes.
Destruction from Earthquakes
Tsunamis-seismic sea waves
A tsunami triggered by an earthquake happens where a slab of the ocean floor is displaced vertically along a fault. A tsunami also can happen when the vibration of a quake sets an underwater landslide into motion.
Landslides-is a ground subsidence, or the sinking of the ground triggered by the vibrations.
Fire-when a earthquake happens it can start fire and have stared fires
A tsunami triggered by an earthquake happens where a slab of the ocean floor is displaced vertically along a fault. A tsunami also can happen when the vibration of a quake sets an underwater landslide into motion.
Landslides-is a ground subsidence, or the sinking of the ground triggered by the vibrations.
Fire-when a earthquake happens it can start fire and have stared fires
Earth's Layered Structure
Earth’s interior consists of three major zones de.ned by its chemical composition—the crust, mantle, and core.
Crust-is the thin layer that is the rocky outer layer of earth.
It has 2 parts the oceanic & continental crust.
Mantle-is a rocky shell that is solid that holds over 82% of the Earth's volume.
Core-is a sphere composed of iron-nickel alloy
Earth can be divided into layers based on physical properties the lithosphere, asthenosphere, outer core, and inner core.
Lithosphere-Is a relatively cool rigid shell that consists of the crust and the uppermost mantle
Asthenosphere-is the soft layer and it is below the lithosphere it is called the weak layer
Outer Core-is 2260 km thick and it is a liquid layer
Inner Core-has a radius of 1220 km and it is a sphere and it is solid.
Moho-Discovered earth's layers
Crust-is the thin layer that is the rocky outer layer of earth.
It has 2 parts the oceanic & continental crust.
Mantle-is a rocky shell that is solid that holds over 82% of the Earth's volume.
Core-is a sphere composed of iron-nickel alloy
Earth can be divided into layers based on physical properties the lithosphere, asthenosphere, outer core, and inner core.
Lithosphere-Is a relatively cool rigid shell that consists of the crust and the uppermost mantle
Asthenosphere-is the soft layer and it is below the lithosphere it is called the weak layer
Outer Core-is 2260 km thick and it is a liquid layer
Inner Core-has a radius of 1220 km and it is a sphere and it is solid.
Moho-Discovered earth's layers
